Our principles
- Everything runs in your browser. Our calculators do not send your numbers anywhere; the math happens on your device.
- We show our assumptions. Every tool page lists what the result assumes and where it stops being accurate.
- We check against known results. Where published reference values exist, we compare our output with them before a tool goes live.
Hand odds and equity
The poker odds calculator and the all-in equity race on our homepage deal out the remaining cards thousands of times (a Monte Carlo simulation) and evaluate every 7-card hand to find the winner. With 20,000 runs, results are typically within about half a percentage point of the exact answer. When the board is complete and every hand is known, the result is exact. Our hand matchup pages, such as AA vs KK, use exact equities calculated over every possible board.
Push/fold charts
Our push/fold charts come from our own calculation, not a copied table:
- We calculated the all-in equity of each of the 169 starting hands against every other, over about 430 million simulated deals, accounting for the cards each hand removes from the deck.
- For every seat at 9-handed, 6-handed and heads-up tables, with and without a 1 big blind ante, and for every stack from 1 to 20 big blinds in half-big-blind steps, we found the Nash equilibrium: shoving ranges and calling ranges where no player can gain by changing their strategy. We used fictitious play, repeatedly computing each player's best response and averaging, until the ranges stopped changing.
- The results are in chip EV with equal stacks. To keep the calculation fast, we assume that once one player calls an all-in, everyone behind folds. Multiway all-ins are rare, but this makes early-position shoving ranges very slightly wider than a full multiway solver.
As a check, our heads-up results match the well-known published heads-up Nash charts to within one or two hands at every stack. The value of each shove or call (in big blinds compared with folding) is calculated in your browser from the same model.
Reshoves, ICM and bounties (re-solved in your browser)
For anything the pre-solved charts do not cover, the push/fold tool solves the spot on your device. It ships with a 169 × 169 table of preflop equities between every pair of hand classes, plus card-removal weights, and runs the same fictitious-play method used for the main charts (400 rounds) on just the spot you are looking at. With all adjustments off it reproduces the pre-solved ranges to within a borderline hand.
- Reshoves: the opener raises to 2.2 big blinds (2 heads-up) with a fixed opening range: top hands by the Chen formula, with equity as a tiebreak, sized by seat (for example 15% UTG and 45% on the button with an ante). Your reshove range and the opener's calling range are solved together. Players behind you are assumed to fold.
- ICM pressure: every chip lost is weighted by the bubble factor and every chip won by 1, for all players. This is a simplification of full ICM, which gives each stack its own bubble factor.
- Bounties: the bounty value in big blinds is added to the winner's payoff when they bust the other player. You can only win a bounty when you cover, so choose equal stacks, you cover or they cover.
See the reshove chart, PKO ranges and ICM ranges for worked examples.
Bankroll, risk of ruin and variance
- Risk of ruin uses the standard formula for a game with a fixed win rate and standard deviation: risk of ruin = e−2 × win rate × bankroll ÷ SD², with win rate and SD in big blinds per 100 hands and bankroll in big blinds.
- Variance and confidence ranges treat results over many hands as normally distributed: expected winnings = win rate × hands ÷ 100, and the 95% range is ±1.96 × SD × √(hands ÷ 100).
- Bankroll requirements combine these formulas with widely used buy-in guidelines for cash games, tournaments and Sit & Gos.
- Our downswing study simulated 30,000 players in blocks of 100 hands to measure real downswing lengths and sizes.
Tournament tools
- ICM uses the Malmuth-Harville model: each player's chance of finishing first is their share of the chips, and later places are calculated the same way among the remaining players.
- Payout structures follow common tournament payout curves, rounded to sensible amounts.
- ROI and ITM are simple ratios of your results: ROI = (total cashes − total buy-ins) ÷ total buy-ins.
Other calculators
- Pot odds and EV: required equity = amount to call ÷ (pot after your call); EV of a call = equity × (pot + call) − call.
- Outs chart: exact probabilities from the number of unseen cards (47 on the flop, 46 on the turn).
- Starting hand chart: simplified opening ranges for 6-max cash games, designed to be easy to memorise. The chart page explains how they compare with solver strategies.
- Rake, profit, win rate and staking: direct arithmetic from the numbers you enter, shown step by step on each tool page.
Found a mistake?
If you think a number is wrong, contact us with the inputs you used and we will check it.